Variation (vertical axis) is the median absolute deviation of the FPKM divided by the median FPKM (MAD/M see Online Methods for the equation). ( b) Variation in gene expression as a function of gene expression level across sample replicates for each preparation method. For each gene, the log 2-transformed median FPKM values from the ensemble and bulk were plotted against each other. The bulk and ensemble libraries were depth matched before alignment was performed. The ensemble was created by computationally pooling all the raw reads obtained from the 96 single-cell transcriptomes generated using the C1 system and then sampling 30 million reads randomly. ( a) Correlation between the merged single cells (“ensemble”) and the bulk RNA-seq measurement of gene expression. Merging many single-cell transcriptomes quantitatively recreates the bulk measurement. Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California, USA. 7 1] Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.6 Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.5 1] Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.4 Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.The Ludwig Cancer Center, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA. Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA. 3 1] Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.2 1] Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
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(SOUNDBITE OF LIAM THOMAS' "NEEDED LOVE") Transcript provided by NPR, Copyright NPR.
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KING: Karen Grigsby Bates, senior correspondent with NPR's Code Switch podcast. MOORE: Virgil was a catalyst for a lot of what is now expected of the industry and that it's slowly coming around to.īATES: And, you know, Noel, The New York Times says Virgil Abloh's role at LVMH, quote, "made him the most powerful Black executive in the most powerful luxury group in the world." In an industry that's still grappling with race and diversity, his death is going to leave a huge hole that will be really hard to fill. Abloh will be remembered for?īATES: I asked Booth Moore about this, and she responded immediately. He designed furniture for IKEA and had a big show at the Gagosian gallery in London with artist Takashi Murakami, whose own work is saturated with pop culture references. Abloh's collaborated not only with celebrities but with companies like Nike, Evian, the fancy outerwear company Moncler. He melded pop culture with haute couture, and he took a lot of his influences from what young people were wearing and interested in. Tell us about why.īATES: Yeah, collaboration really was one of the through lines in his work.
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KING: He also had very close professional relationships with Kanye West and Jay-Z, and those collaborations were incredibly important. And so, you know, that kind of created this mystique around the items. MOORE: He had this sort of clever way of labeling things in his line where, you know, it would be the actual name of the thing like shoe or hoodie. Others would eventually follow, but he was way ahead of them. And Moore said because of this nonlinear entry into fashion, Abloh was a huge inspiration to younger creatives.īATES: Well, with his company Off-White, Virgil Abloh was one of the early adopters of streetwear and the crossover of streetwear into fashion.
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And so he really kind of changed the image of what a fashion designer should be.īATES: He also had degrees in civil engineering and architecture. He himself was a DJ and, you know, had a huge social media following before coming to fashion. And he was very good at sort of bridging the gaps between different disciplines. She says his entry into fashion was unique.īOOTH MOORE: He, you know, came up through pop culture, not through sort of traditional design channels. And she pointed out Abloh was a trailblazer. She's the West Coast executive editor of the fashion industry Bible Women's Wear Daily. KING: So he was quite different from many fashion designers, wasn't he?īATES: He was. KAREN GRIGSBY BATES, BYLINE: Morning, Noel. Earlier this morning, I talked to NPR's Karen Grigsby Bates. He was the artistic director for Louis Vuitton menswear, and he made streetwear into high fashion. The fashion designer Virgil Abloh has died of a rare form of cancer.